By David Howarth (University of Luxembourg) and Lucia Quaglia (University of Bologna) Financial market integration has been a core objective of European integration since the 1950s. Over several decades, the European Union (EU) has adopted hundreds of legislative acts aimed at removing barriers to cross-border finance and harmonising the regulation and supervision of capital markets. […]
By Sebastian Heidebrecht (Centre for European Integration Research, Department of Political Science, University of Vienna) On 30 October 2025, the European Central Bank (ECB) announced the next preparatory phase and its readiness to introduce a digital euro in 2029. Unlike private forms of electronic money created by private banks, the digital euro will be a […]
By Marylou Hamm (Science Po, France / European University Institute, Italy) From the Greek debt crisis and the 2015 migration crisis to the COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine, the European Union has faced overlapping emergencies over the past fifteen years. These crises have tested not only financial actors and member states, but also […]
By Jérôme Deyris (Centre for European Studies at Sciences Po, France), Bart Stellinga (Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy) and Matthias Thiemann (Centre for European Studies at Sciences Po, France) In November 2017, Dutch central bank governor Klaas Knot expressed worries that ‘inflation expectations are bearing an awful lot of weight in monetary policy these […]
by Manuela Moschella (Professor of Political Science, University of Bologna) and Lucia Quaglia (Professor of Political Science, University of Bologna) The European Union (EU) stands at a critical juncture. Global competition, technological disruption, and geopolitical fragmentation challenge the economic framework that has defined the EU for over three decades. Two landmark reports — Much More […]
by Nicola Bazoli (FBK-Irvapp), Carlo Fiorio (University of Milan, FBK-Irvapp), Sonia Marzadro (FBK-Irvapp), Jonathan Pycroft (European Commission), and Loris Vergolini (University of Bologna, FBK-Irvapp) In recent decades, equity has gained prominence in public discourse following the Great Recession and the sovereign debt crisis, which exacerbated income inequality. Distributional Impact Assessment (DIA), intended as a set […]
Since the release of the Lisbon Strategy in 2000, fostering science, technology, innovation, and human capital have been considered key ingredients of all subsequent EU strategies aimed at achieving a cohesive and competitive European Union.
Almost a decade after the last major reform of the European fiscal framework, Eurozone decision-makers have recently engaged in a discussion about the revision of fiscal rules. The pandemic is said to have changed the landscape of European economic policymaking. It has forced policymakers to embrace expansionary fiscal policies to address the diminished economic activity […]
The 2007-9 financial crisis and the subsequent Eurozone debt crisis posed an existential threat to the single currency and even the European project as a whole. Financial imbalances that had built up in the decade were at the heart of both crises.
A country’s location at the EU’s Southern and South-Eastern border is an important factor when it comes to smuggling. Naturally, migrant smuggling is much more common in these areas adjacent to non-EU states than in landlocked states and/or countries in Europe’s North. The importance of cooperation for information sharing Europol is reliant on information from […]
