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By Thomas Conzelmann and Sophie Vanhoonacker (Maastricht University, The Netherlands) Trade and foreign investment have become politicized in the current international system. The unilateral imposition of tariffs across the global economy by the second Trump administration is a good illustration: tariffs are not used to address unfair trade practices but as an instrument to exert […]

Author: Jaydon Souter is a PhD Candidate and Graduate Teaching Fellow in Law at the School of Law and Social Justice, University of Liverpool. His research lies principally in the fields of EU public health law, consumer protection, digital law, and internal market law. His thesis focuses on the regulation of the digital marketing of […]

In May 1948 Winston Churchill declared at the launch of the Congress of Europe: “We cannot aim at anything less than the union of Europe as a whole.” Churchill’s dream has nearly come true. Today, almost every European country is either in the EU or has applied to join. The outsiders? Russia, Belarus, and Britain.

Michel Barnier, the EU’s chief Brexit negotiator, kept a secret diary of the talks. Published in 2021, it revealed in painful detail why Britain lost so badly at the negotiating table. Jonathan Powell, former Downing Street chief of staff, summed it up. Britain was left with: “a flawed withdrawal agreement and a deeply disadvantageous future […]

Author: Sarah de Heer is a doctoral candidate at the Faculty of Law at Lund University. In her doctoral research, she examines the impact of AI-driven medical devices in precision medicine on the right to health in Sweden. More specifically, Sarah scrutinises to which extent the conformity assessment procedure, which allows medical devices to be […]

Author: Wendy Kwaku Yeboah is a PhD candidate in EU law at the University of Bologna, with a particular focus on EU health law and its digitalisation. Her research explores the regulation of cross-border telemedicine within the framework of the EU internal market, examining both the constitutional and operational dimensions of EU health governance. She […]

Tens of thousands of desperate human beings have crossed the English Channel to seek our help. They are unarmed and come in peace. Many are fleeing from countries torn apart by war and instability, in some cases worsened by conflicts in which Britain and its allies played a part. Under international law, they are not […]

by Emilio Del Pupo (University of Helsinki) What does sustainability really mean in EU trade deals—and who gets to define it? Ever since the EU and Mercosur began negotiating a new trade agreement in 1995, one group has made its opposition heard loud and clear: European farmers. But instead of sticking to opposing the deal […]

Turkey’s ruling Justice and Development Party (tur. Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi, AKP) conducts an active and multidimensional foreign policy aimed at strengthening relations with all neighbouring regions. In the international sphere, the primary ambition of the authorities in Ankara is to transform Turkey into a regional power capable of influencing the political landscape in its […]

By Laia Comerma (Centre for Security, Diplomacy and Strategy of the Brussels School of Governance) When the European Union (EU) published its 2021 Trade Policy Review, a new buzz phrase took over policy and academia on EU trade policy: ‘open strategic autonomy’ (OSA). This was followed in 2023 by the Economic Security strategy, furthering a […]